Niobium (Nb)

Niobium is a chemical element with symbol Nb and atomic number 41. It is a soft, grey, crystalline, ductile transition metal, often found in the minerals pyrochlore and columbite.

Atomic Number

41

Atomic Mass

92.906 u

Category

transition metal

Phase

solid

Density

8.57 g/cm³

Electron Shells

2, 8, 18, 12, 1

Atomic Structure

Protons: 41 • Electrons: 41 • Neutrons: Varies by isotope

Electron Configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s¹ 4d⁴

Discovery

1801 • Charles Hatchett